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Allergens and Respiratory Pollutants - 9781907568541

Un libro in lingua di Williams Marc A. (EDT) edito da Woodhead Pub Ltd, 2011

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- discusses recent advances in our understanding of cell-mediated innate immune mechanisms that occur during allergic inflammation and provides important timely coverage of diseases of concern and how such diseases are influenced by a dysfunctional immune system
 - provides useful information on linking environmental 'danger signals' that provoke immune dysfunction and exacerbation of existing disease
 - draws upon the collective expertise of an international college of leaders in the field, but also provides chapters that provide essential reference material Is highly relevant to the basic researcher as well as those practicing health care in the fields of pulmonary medicine, human clinical immunology and translational medicine

This book is a collection of 12 authoritative papers that draws upon the collective expertise of world leaders in the fields of innate immunity, immunotoxicology and pulmonary biology. Collectively, it provides an educational forum that links the health effects of environmental exposures, immune dysfunction and inflammatory airways disease. The contributors critically explore the biological and immunological mechanisms that contribute to immune dysfunction upon exposure to allergens, the susceptibility to infectious disease upon exposure to ambient pollutants and the clinical relevance of exposure to ambient airborne xenobiotics. 

Human airways and the lung are consistently challenged by their environment. Not only are the airways challenged by infectious microorganisms including virulent bacteria and viruses and aeroallergens, the airways are also challenged by 'modern-day' anthropogenic and xenobiotic agents present in the ambient environment and the air we breathe. Collectively, these 'man-made' pollutants expose each and every person to respirable pollutants such as ozone, particulate matter pollutants and other noxious respiratory irritants including nitrogen dioxide among others.

A detailed understanding of the response of the pulmonary system to the external environment provides important information on the immune pathogenesis of many airway diseases including asthma. Over the last several decades, the incidence of allergic diseases in industrialized urban environments has progressively increased. Allergic diseases represent a dysfunction of normal host immunity to seemingly harmless environmental triggers, including aeroallergens and airborne pollutants. Allergic diseases include allergic rhino-conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, and atopic eczema present a significant burden of disease, not least in the industrialized part of the world. By contrast, allergic inflammation is an integral component of the normal host immune response that is observed during parasitic infection where the inflammatory response in itself causes severe clinical sequelae among susceptible individuals. The two compartment models of allergic hypersensitivity bridges genetic and environmental factors as key components in allergic sensitization. In recent years, innate immune mechanisms have been recognized as key players in allergic inflammation with particular emphasis paid to the role of basophils, mast cells, eosinophils and dendritic cells in sensing allergens and environmental xenobiotics as 'danger' signals and presenting them to the adaptive arm of host immunity.

Note: this book is not a product of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed do not necessarily represent the views of the USEPA or the U.S. Government

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